2 Let’s go to the zoo! 我们去动物园吧
(一)、由let带头的祈使句是个常见的动词句型,它的主要用法有下列三种:
1)表示“建议”。
这个句型里的let后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语,如:
Let me try.
Let's do it.
Let me go and look for it.
这个句型语气委婉,比直接的祈使句客气。试比较a、b两句:
a. Don't disturb him.
b. Let's not disturb him.
a是直接命令,语气强烈,不如b温柔悦耳。
2)表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。
这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词,如:
Let Robert take charge of the marketing department.
Let her join our choir.
3)表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“威胁”等。
这种祈使句里的宾语也是以第三人称为主。除了口气凶悍之外,有时还语带讽刺,如:
Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own.
Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time.
(二)、用“let”的祈使句时,必须注意下列几点:
1)let的否定句有二。如果宾语是第三人称用“Don't let...”;如果宾语是第一人称,则用“Let......not ”。如:
Don't let this type of things happen again.
It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain。
2)let只适用于现在时态,可以有被动语态 (the passive voice)。如:
Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.
Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.
3)let后头除了是不带“t”o的不定式动词之外,还可以是某些适当的副词,如out, in, down, alone等。如:
Let the puppy out.
Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.
Let me alone, please.
4)用“Let's”时,把谈话者的对象包括在内;用“Let us”时,并不包括对方。如:
Let's try it, shall we?
Let us do it by ourselves, will you?